Gold Rush Days, South Pass City, Wyoming Wyoming State Parks & Cultural Resources
Located north of the historic Oregon Trail, South Pass City was built in 1867 as a result of a gold mining boom in the Sweetwater Mining District. When the Carissa Mine struck a rich vein, hundreds of western prospectors rushed to the area hoping to finally find the mother lode. Within one year, the town's population soared to 2,000 people and South Pass Avenue grew to a half mile in length as saloon owners, freighters, bankers, blacksmiths and other merchants followed the miners to South Pass.
More than 30 gold mines were open and dozens of sluicing operations dotted the scenic hillsides. South Pass City also played a key role in the women's suffrage movement. William Bright, one of the town's representatives in the Territorial Legislature in 1869, introduced a women's suffrage bill. It passed and was signed by the governor, making Wyoming the first territory or state in the country where women could vote and hold political office. Just two months later, Esther Hobart Morris was appointed the town's justice of the peace, becoming the nation's first female judge. But, all booms must end. A bust hit the South Pass country in 1872, and most of the people moved away however, two more booms - ranching and lately tourism have kept South Pass City alive.
Sweetwater River WTT
Today, South Pass City is one of Wyo¬ming's largest historic sites, with 24 his¬toric structures, more than 30 period room exhibits, a visitors' center, picnic areas and nature trails. Living history demonstrations, lectures and movies are presented on weekends throughout the summer, and the July 4th celebration is one of the oldest and biggest in the state. Located 35 miles southwest of Lander on WYO 28, the historic site is open daily, from May 15 to Oct. 15.
The first fort in Wyoming was started as a fur trade post in 1834, known as Fort John. Located near the Laramie River, it had become Fort Laramie by 1849 when the military took control. The fort's grounds just west of the town of Fort Laramie in southeast Wyoming have an open parade ground surrounded by military-era buildings. One structure, Old Bedlam, is the oldest standing building in the State of Wyoming. At or near Fort Laramie, fur traders, overland emigrants, the frontier army and Indians gathered as they came to trade, work and meet. read more
In the 1840s and 50s, nearly a half million pioneers, gold rush Forty-Niners and Pony Express Riders embarked along the Oregon Trail during the greatest overland migration the country has even seen. read more
